Dear Oliver,



Your posting brings up an interesting problem.  What happens when a popular
book universally used for identification contains information that differs
from that in another popular reference?  This would make an interesting
thread by itself since it is not restricted to identification problems of
cones.



The specific problem your friend is dealing with where specimens of C.
emarginatus Reeve, 1844 are identified as C. recurvus Broderip, 1833, seems
to have been caused by Hanna & Strong in 1949.  Keen (1958, 1971) followed
this treatment.  In Keen (1958, p. 479) at the end of the introduction for
the family Conidae, she says: "An excellent review of the Panamic cones by
Hanna & Strong (1949) has been in large part the basis for the present
summary."  Skoglund (2002, pp. 162-163) provides updated information for
Keen (1971) with respect to C. emarginatus/C. recurvus moving C. emarginatus
to status as a valid species and C. recurvus to status as a synonym of C.
regularis Sowerby, 1833 based on literature treatments subsequent to Keen
(1971).



Please note too that there are two separate taxa named C. arcuatus as Dick
Petit points out.  If your friend is not aware of this, he may think that it
was a mistake by Filmer to link C. emarginatus to one of these authored by
Gray.



Regards,



Bill Fenzan

Norfolk, VA



References:



Hanna, G. D. and Strong, A. M. 1949. West American Mollusks of the Genus
Conus. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Vol. XXVI, No. 9,
pp. 247-322, pls. 5-10. 4 text figures.



Keen, A. M. 1958. Sea Shells of Tropical West America: Marine Mollusks from
Lower California to Colombia. Stanford University Press, 624 pp.



Keen, A. M. 1971. Sea Shells of Tropical West America: Marine Mollusks from
Baja California to Peru.  Stanford University Press, 1064 pp.



Skoglund, C. 2002. Panamic Province Molluscan Literature, Additions and
Changes From 1971 through 2001, III Gastropoda.  The Festivus, Volume XXXIII
(Supplement), pp. 162-163



Filmer, R. M. 2001.  A catalog of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living
Conidae 1758-1998.  Backhuys Publishers.  388 pp.

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