genus Patella
Fulgoraria humerosa.
Many species named costatus/a/um (ribs, though not necessarily named after
vertebrate ribs)
I believe there is a species of something named maxilla (Sorry, I'm at work
so can't look up the pertinent details.)  Also a genus Maxillifer.
Chloraea fibula (a land snail)
Of course there are many species named dentatus/a/um (teeth)
In addition to the genus Tibia, there is Teramachia tibiaeformis.
Cymatium femorale.
Natica genuana (knee - not specifically the bones)
Scutus unguis (fingernail, not exactly a bone)
Lambis digitata, Xenophora digitata (fingers, again not specifically the
bones thereof)
There quite a few others named after non-bone body parts.

Paul M.