Smith, Maxwell 1948 - Triton, Helmut & Harp Shells, P41-42 List as a form of erinaceus (Linne') Simply states Indo-Pacific region Kreipl, Kurt 1997 - Recent Cassidae, Verlag Christa Hemmen Pub, pp 43-44 List C. vibex as a synonym of C. erinaceus Range: Red Sea, East Africa to Meleanesia and Micronesia Abbott, RT 1968 - Indo-Pacific Mollusca, Vol 2, #9, Helmut Shells of the World - Cassidae Part 1, Casmaria P190 (12-702) List C. vibex as a synonym of C. erinaceus Casmaria erinaceus & C. ponderosa range from: (If you'll get your map out) The central South pacific, noth tip if New Zealand, eastern and northern Austrailia, across the Indian Ocean, south of Matagascar, up the east coast of Africa, throughout the Red Sea, Around the arabian Penensula, bypassing the Persian Gulf, arount India, bypassing the northern half of the Bay of Bengali, Throughout all of southeast Asia, North to southern Korea, the southern half of Japan, across to Hawaii and backn down to the south central pacific. Leslie Allen Crnkovic HARF/IMCS