I have a specific question about the Phalium species noted and along with that a more general question about speciation. So first 1) Is Phalium granulatum subspecies centiqudratum considered its own species (Phalium centiqudratum) or is it still considered to be a subspecies of granulatum? 2) Any marine trapped on opposite side of Central America by definition can no longer mate with each other. Since they CAN'T mate with each other, does that not mean by definition of what constitutes a species that they are by de facto different species? Just wondering. Many thanks. Doug ---------------------------------------------------------------------- [log in to unmask] - a forum for informal discussions on molluscs To leave this list, click on the following web link: http://listserv.uga.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=conch-l&A=1 Type your email address and name in the appropriate box and click leave the list. ----------------------------------------------------------------------